The European apparel industry is undergoing significant changes with the rise of fast fashion, online retail, and ultra-fast fashion trends, all of which are exacerbating its environmental impact. This is outlined in S&P Global Ratings’ recent “Sustainability Insights” report, which notes that while the industry’s environmental footprint is expanding, the current credit risks remain low.
The report sheds light on the lack of progress in mitigating environmental damage despite growing awareness. The apparel sector’s environmental challenges are vast, ranging from excessive use of energy, water, and chemicals in textile production to substantial greenhouse gas emissions, water pollution, and the issue of clothing disposal.
One of the report’s key findings is that the industry could be responsible for up to 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions, a figure that doubles previous estimates. Additionally, textile production is a major contributor to water pollution, accounting for about 20% of global clean water pollution. The rapid increase in polyester-based textiles is also leading to a surge in microplastic pollution.
The recycling of used clothing remains limited, with only a small fraction being repurposed into new garments. The prevailing business models in the apparel sector, which focus on high-volume production, are at odds with environmental sustainability. Although the concept of a circular economy offers a glimmer of hope, the industry faces significant obstacles in adopting more sustainable practices.
Despite some efforts by fast-fashion brands to reduce emissions, the journey towards a circular and sustainable model is fraught with challenges. The report highlights the potential impact of stricter regulations, like the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive, on the industry’s environmental footprint and financial health.
The need for a business strategy that aligns with environmental objectives is emphasized, as failing to address environmental risks could lead to increased credit risks for the apparel industry. Factors such as climate change, supply chain disruptions, and shifting consumer behaviors pose additional challenges. While the regulatory landscape is tightening, its immediate effect on the industry’s fundamental operations and financial metrics appears limited. However, future regulatory changes and unexpected developments could significantly alter the industry’s approach to environmental sustainability.